I can understand where you are coming from, but ultimately it does sound like you are looking for a "game". By that I mean no matter what the core mechanics are there needs to be an external sense of progression, rewards etc.. In the same sense the presentation becomes just as important as everything else. This game is definitely not for you. The core tenet here is racing, and I'm betting the ultimate experience was also based around human competition rather than just AI, or at least the potential for it. The progression is about winning a race or championship, about getting eau rouge just right after a number of almosts, holding position in 6th because that's the best you can manage with your skill/knowledge/setup or just doing laps for hours on one track with one car trying to beat your own time by a couple 100ths of a second. The last one in particular is important. This is the kind of game where you have to enjoy just getting better, perhaps with the notion of using that skill against others in the future.
I might sound like I'm being harsh, but I'm not. There are plenty of games that I want to be games. I find it an important part of game design for many games. In fact it's my biggest gripe with F2P games at this point. The systems they use force them to design games outside of the optimal progression speed,m outside what feels the best. A game that gets it right can be intoxicating, but this is your Counterstrike of the console racing genre(plenty like this on pc). It's about racing, winning and personal improvement. Some would likely extend this to starcraft or even Dota 2 and they would have a point, but I think Dota in particular still bases some of it's core gameplay around that sense of progression within the game. That said, for people playing it seriously the level up elements are clearly not what they are getting out of the experience as for them it transcended that long ago.
In that sense this game is closer to a sport than a "game" as we know it. While most sports, including racing do have a progression system(position, goals etc..) They are very simple and limited systems, that will be repeated over and over again. The pleasure comes from playing, competing and winning. It comes from the mechanics of the sport. And while I know many games that would never make philosophy work, I'm overjoyed that PCARS embraced it. I personally love Driveclub, like seriously love it, but it's about all the other parts I was talking about. It's not about racing, or even driving that much. It's about unlocking cars, getting points and beating challenges. I love it, and I love that is the polar opposite.